In the wild rabbits will continually graze on the wild grasses available, this not only feeds and nourishes them but also cleans their digestive tract, keeps their teeth ground down to the optimum level and when the entire warren is chewing contentedly gives them reassurance and peace of mind.
When providing enrichment for pet rabbits it is best to keep this in mind to try and provide companionship, access to quality hay and water supplies, at all times.
Clean, fresh water and good quality hay should make up the majority of your rabbits’ diet with grasses providing 85% of an average diet. The average pet rabbit will eat around 5% of its bodyweight every day, approximately 4.5kg per month for an average pet rabbit.
A rabbit’s intestinal system needs to digest grazed hay on a continual basis to function properly, so a healthy and constant supply is extremely important.
This grazing diet may be supplemented with leafy greens and a small amount of pellets. Root vegetables such as turnips, carrots, should only be given in small portions as a treat. Many rabbits love eating Dandelions!
Try to avoid providing muesli-style food, as cereal type mixes can be harmful to rabbits and can cause a number of associated health problems.
Rabbits need:
Continuous access to fresh clean drinking water, checked morning and night.
Good quality hay and/grass, always available, should constitute the majority of rabbits’ diets.
Rabbits are natural grazers, browsing and eating grass/other plants for long periods, mainly at dawn and dusk.
Rabbits’ digestive systems need grass and/or hay to function properly and are much more important than commercial rabbit pellets (‘nuggets’). When feeding pellets, follow manufacturer’s instructions.
To ensure you are giving your rabbits the correct amount measure 25g (an eggcup-full) of pellets per kg of your rabbit’s body weight. Eg. for a (3kg) bunny, feed a maximum of three egg cups.
Please try not to spoil rabbits with pellets, snacks, high protein/fat foods as they can become obese if consistently fed the wrong diet, this causes many problems for their digestion, teeth etc. Rabbits’ teeth grow continuously and need to be worn down by eating grass/hay/leafy green plants.
Not eating the right diet results in serious dental disease.
Sudden diet changes in diet and fresh lawnmower clippings can both upset rabbits’ digestive systems causing illness.
Rabbits produce two dropping types – hard dry pellets, and softer moist pellets they eat directly from their bottom and are dietary essentials.
Veterinarians, animal groups and dieticians all recommend that grass hay is a major part of a rabbits’ diet.
Why feed 1st cut timothy hay?
First cut timothy hay is highly recommended for rabbit nutrition:
Is your animal having digestive or intestinal issues, or long teeth that need to be worn down, are there tell-tale signs of over-eating?
First cut timothy hay helps with all those concerns.
First cut is crisp and sweet and has the highest roughage and fibre of all hay varieties. All rabbit breeds require over 80% of their diet to be hay, first cut timothy ensures the correct amount of fibre, roughage, protein, and fat.
ANDERSON – Nutritional Needs of Small Herbivores
guinea pigs eating hayGuinea pigs, chinchillas, and rabbits are small herbivores, or plant-eating animals, that are commonly kept as companion animals. They have been bred in captivity for years and their quiet nature, ease of handling, and relatively simple housing requirements make them ideal pets, especially for owners that do not have a lot of room for four-legged friends. Feeding these small mammals is an important part of their daily care and each species has specific nutritional needs.
Clean water must be accessible to all small pets at all times. A sipper water bottle is the best method to provide water because it is less likely to be contaminated with bedding, food, feces, and urine. Animals that are unfamiliar with sipper water bottles may require some training to use them properly. Water bottles and bowls should be emptied and filled with fresh water daily to encourage water intake and to prevent overgrowth of bacteria.
Rabbits, guinea pigs, and chinchillas are all classified as hindgut fermenters. In hindgut fermenters, fiber from forages remains relatively intact as it passes through the stomach and intestine, but it is digested, or fermented, by symbiotic bacteria in the cecum and colon.
All of these small mammals produce cecotrophs (sometimes called night feces), which are consumed as soon as they are expelled. Cecotrophs are formed in the colon and cecum and are made of soft, pellet-like fecal material. They are rich in nitrogen and contain microorganisms, amino acids, volatile fatty acids, and vitamins. These nutrients, which were previously unavailable in the forage, are neatly packaged in the cecotrophs and are digested in the stomach and absorbed in the small intestine. Proper and efficient formation of cecotrophs requires a high-fiber diet.
What should rabbits eat?
Mature rabbits should be fed a commercial pelleted feed designed for rabbits and have unlimited access to grass hay. In general, alfalfa hay should not be fed to adult rabbits because it contains too much protein and calcium and overconsumption may result in kidney damage. Rabbits should also be fed a source of fresh, dark, tough, and leafy greens. Gradually introduce hay if rabbits have only been eating pellets up to this point. Once rabbits are eating hay for several weeks, slowly add greens to the diet. Aim to provide three different types of leafy greens each day to provide a variety of nutrients.
What should guinea pigs eat?
Guinea pigs require diets that are similar to rabbits. They should be fed plenty of grass hay that does not contain too many calories. Guinea pigs should also be fed a limited amount of commercial pellets designed for guinea pigs. Avoid unlimited access to pellets as guinea pigs may become obese. Unlike many other animals, guinea pigs require a dietary source of vitamin C so they don’t get scurvy. Don’t rely solely upon pellets for vitamin C as the vitamin is not stable for extended periods of time, especially if the pellets are exposed to sunlight or high temperatures. Make sure to include some dark, leafy greens, which are rich in vitamin C.
What should chinchillas eat?
Nutritional needs of chinchillas haven’t been studied as extensively as needs of rabbits and guinea pigs. Current recommendations state that chinchillas should be fed commercial chinchilla pellets and provided with free-choice access to high-quality grass hay. A pellet-only diet will not provide a chinchilla enough roughage and may predispose the chinchilla to diarrhea. Chinchillas would also do well with some added leafy greens, but do not require as much as rabbits.
Feeding small herbivores like rabbits, guinea pigs, and chinchillas is not too difficult. Remember that they need an unlimited supply of high-quality grass hay to provide adequate roughage for gastrointestinal health. Commercial pellets designed to meet nutritional needs for a particular species should also be provided. If nutritional needs are met, these small mammals should be healthy and provide many years of companionship.
Small Pet Hay: Andy by Anderson Hay
Anderson Hay & Grain launched a new division that focuses on smaller boxes of our premium hay for that’s harvested, packaged and delivered to your door, just for your small pet. Please visit Andy by Anderson Hay at https://andy.pet/ for all your small pet needs.
References
Clauss, M. 2012. Clinical technique: Feeding hay to rabbits and rodents. J. Exotic Pet Med. 21:80-86.
Donnelly, T.M. and C.J. Brown. 2004. Guinea pig and chinchilla care and husbandry. Vet. Clin.Exot. Anim. 7:351-373.
Irlbec, N.A. 2001. How to feed the rabbit (Oryctolagus cuniculus) gastrointestinal tract. J. Anim. Sci. 79(E. Suppl.):343-346.
Topics: Timothy Hay, Quality of Forage, Timothy
How Oats and Oatmeal Can Help an Underweight, Sickly Rabbit
The same reasons that you shouldn’t feed your healthy rabbit oats and oatmeal are the exact factors that help an underweight rabbit. While your healthy rabbit would only load up on the empty high calories in oats, causing possible obesity, an underweight rabbit needs the complex carbohydrates and fiber for energy, as well as the protein for muscle gain. Oats are easy for a sickly rabbit to digest.
Healthy Rabbits Should Pass on the Oats
Oats are a starchy food with no nutritional value to rabbits. The only impact that the oats will have on your healthy rabbit is unnecessary weight gain and possible stomach upset.
